Vulnerability Scan Result
| Title: | 1xBet |
| Description: | No description found |
| ip_address | 104.18.41.64 |
| country | - |
| network_name | Cloudflare Inc |
| asn | AS13335 |
| ip_address | 172.64.146.192 |
| country | - |
| network_name | Cloudflare Inc |
| asn | AS13335 |
80/tcp | http | Cloudflare http proxy - |
443/tcp | https | cloudflare - |
2082/tcp | http | Cloudflare http proxy - |
2083/tcp | https | nginx - |
2086/tcp | http | Cloudflare http proxy - |
2087/tcp | https | nginx - |
8080/tcp | http | Cloudflare http proxy - |
8443/tcp | http | cloudflare - |
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| HTTP/3 | Miscellaneous |
| Nuxt.js | JavaScript frameworks, Web frameworks, Static site generator |
| Open Graph | Miscellaneous |
| Sectigo | SSL/TLS certificate authorities |
| Vue.js | JavaScript frameworks |
| Webpack | Miscellaneous |
| Cloudflare | CDN |
| reCAPTCHA | Security |
| HSTS | Security |
Web Application Vulnerabilities
Evidence
| URL | Cookie Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| https://1xbet.com/ru/block | gw-blk, lng, cookies_agree_type, tzo, is12h | Set-Cookie: gw-blk=eyJkYXRhIjp7ImlkIjozOTEsImRpc3BsYXlUeXBlSWQiOjEsInRlbXBsYXRlVHlwZUlkIjoxLCJ0ZW1wbGF0ZUlkIjoxfSwiYnJlYWRjcnVtYnMiOlsxLDEyLDE0LDE1LDg4NSwyMzIyLDE2LDI1MDksNDk1LDgxMiw5ODUsODEzLDE3LDE4LDIxODYsMjM2OCwyMzAwLDIzNzYsODQ2LDIyNjcsMjI5MSwyMzAzLDIzNzUsODEwLDk0NCwyMjExLDI0MDksMjQ5NSwyNTE5LDEwOTAsMTA5MywyMTkxLDI1MDAsMTAwMiwyMjQyLDIzMDEsMjQ2MSwyNDY0LDI0NjUsMjQ2MiwyNDY2LDIyNTYsMjI1MSwyMjg3LDI0MzIsMjQ3OCwyMzQ1LDQ4NCwzOTUsMjMyOCwyNDAyLDIzMzIsNDc0LDc5LDM4NiwyNDc5LDExMDMsMzg3LDM4OCwzOTAsMzkxXX0= Set-Cookie: lng=ru Set-Cookie: cookies_agree_type=3 Set-Cookie: tzo=0 Set-Cookie: is12h=0 |
Vulnerability description
We found that a cookie has been set without the Secure flag, which means the browser will send it over an unencrypted channel (plain HTTP) if such a request is made. The root cause for this usually revolves around misconfigurations in the code or server settings.
Risk description
The risk exists that an attacker will intercept the clear-text communication between the browser and the server and he will steal the cookie of the user. If this is a session cookie, the attacker could gain unauthorized access to the victim's web session.
Recommendation
Whenever a cookie contains sensitive information or is a session token, then it should always be passed using an encrypted channel. Ensure that the secure flag is set for cookies containing such sensitive information.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-614 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Evidence
| URL | Cookie Name | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| https://1xbet.com/ru/block | platform_type, lng, cookies_agree_type, tzo, is12h | The server responded with Set-Cookie header(s) that does not specify the HttpOnly flag: Set-Cookie: platform_type=desktop Set-Cookie: lng=ru Set-Cookie: cookies_agree_type=3 Set-Cookie: tzo=0 Set-Cookie: is12h=0 |
Vulnerability description
We found that a cookie has been set without the HttpOnly flag, which means it can be accessed by potentially malicious JavaScript code running inside the web page. The root cause for this usually revolves around misconfigurations in the code or server settings.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker who injects malicious JavaScript code on the page (e.g. by using an XSS attack) can access the cookie and can send it to another site. In case of a session cookie, this could lead to session hijacking.
Recommendation
Ensure that the HttpOnly flag is set for all cookies.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-1004 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Evidence
| URL | Evidence |
|---|---|
| https://1xbet.com/ru/block | Response headers do not include the X-Content-Type-Options HTTP security header |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that the target application's server responses lack the X-Content-Type-Options header. This header is particularly important for preventing Internet Explorer from reinterpreting the content of a web page (MIME-sniffing) and thus overriding the value of the Content-Type header.
Risk description
The risk is that lack of this header could make possible attacks such as Cross-Site Scripting or phishing in Internet Explorer browsers.
Recommendation
We recommend setting the X-Content-Type-Options header such as `X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff`.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-693 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| HTTP/3 | Miscellaneous |
| Nuxt.js | JavaScript frameworks, Web frameworks, Static site generator |
| Open Graph | Miscellaneous |
| Sectigo | SSL/TLS certificate authorities |
| Vue.js | JavaScript frameworks |
| Webpack | Miscellaneous |
| Cloudflare | CDN |
| reCAPTCHA | Security |
| HSTS | Security |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.
Evidence
Vulnerability description
We found the robots.txt on the target server. This file instructs web crawlers what URLs and endpoints of the web application they can visit and crawl. Website administrators often misuse this file while attempting to hide some web pages from the users.
Risk description
There is no particular security risk in having a robots.txt file. However, it's important to note that adding endpoints in it should not be considered a security measure, as this file can be directly accessed and read by anyone.
Recommendation
We recommend you to manually review the entries from robots.txt and remove the ones which lead to sensitive locations in the website (ex. administration panels, configuration files, etc).
Evidence
| URL | Evidence |
|---|---|
| https://1xbet.com/ru/block | Response does not include the HTTP Content-Security-Policy security header or meta tag |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that the target application lacks the Content-Security-Policy (CSP) header in its HTTP responses. The CSP header is a security measure that instructs web browsers to enforce specific security rules, effectively preventing the exploitation of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities.
Risk description
The risk is that if the target application is vulnerable to XSS, lack of this header makes it easily exploitable by attackers.
Recommendation
Configure the Content-Security-Header to be sent with each HTTP response in order to apply the specific policies needed by the application.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-693 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Evidence
| URL | Evidence |
|---|---|
| https://1xbet.com/ru/block | Response headers do not include the Referrer-Policy HTTP security header as well as the |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that the target application's server responses lack the Referrer-Policy HTTP header, which controls how much referrer information the browser will send with each request originated from the current web application.
Risk description
The risk is that if a user visits a web page (e.g. "http://example.com/pricing/") and clicks on a link from that page going to e.g. "https://www.google.com", the browser will send to Google the full originating URL in the `Referer` header, assuming the Referrer-Policy header is not set. The originating URL could be considered sensitive information and it could be used for user tracking.
Recommendation
The Referrer-Policy header should be configured on the server side to avoid user tracking and inadvertent information leakage. The value `no-referrer` of this header instructs the browser to omit the Referer header entirely.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-693 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Evidence
Vulnerability description
Website is accessible.
Evidence
| URL | Method | Parameters | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| https://1xbet.com/ru/block | GET | Headers: User-Agent=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/108.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that this web application exposes email addresses, which might be unintended. While not inherently a vulnerability, this information could be leveraged in social engineering or spam related activities.
Risk description
The risk is that exposed email addresses within the application could be accessed by unauthorized parties. This could lead to privacy violations, spam, phishing attacks, or other forms of misuse.
Recommendation
Compartmentalize the application to have 'safe' areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow email addresses to go outside of the trust boundary, and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-200 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 |
Infrastructure Vulnerabilities
Evidence
| DKIM selector | Key type | Key size | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| dkim | rsa | 1296 | "k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC9aHckGQUWeF4zb7Sl4goM0BrP+Oc0ChoEub4OdVfDLMJ2wyxzhka8Xik7jXJxI0XYMFyH7N/1e0kTkm2FEdV+/jD88137Zln19Iz4PrbREvHjCvQvkGvEtVM+Cat3PbWiNWxdUW85AaIE3CmaP208fzRGaP6gNBJuhuQ9mSAhzQIDAQAB" |
| rsa | 1470 | "k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAyByfpl9w5XAPIO+gn6BAaBJ5NcTnpbdPornhTCeMBEajYK6Hq33cAyPGJaJoBU3TcXl3LAS+VQU3S9VA1N0mEYOYdCduKeLo4zBAN/q8q4AvJwtx0UhtJX4mFRKUP+NIrd8rIytC8ZLBDIpzKi4pvsl+GWpGsCd0AienNcK7RkPuJSTVZZJQJv+hBTv6WAheux4t+uTYb" "HSDp1Z8232zdDhnvgyo+cSCt/fqd4QjOKg2BhTuzO/FOfTPdh0RdYiyYfQH7cKDQI20IfmFZ3M+LdP6PdGvO0U28haocr9JEwrgQOwKXtKTKu9OGRRaIx4bTu6TUqlyTNLOjyAXUC79cwIDAQAB" |
Vulnerability description
We found that the DKIM record uses common selectors. The use of common DKIM selectors such as default, test, dkim, or mail may indicate a lack of proper customization or key management. Attackers often target domains using such selectors because they suggest that the domain is relying on default configurations, which could be less secure and easier to exploit. This can increase the risk of DKIM key exposure or misuse.
Risk description
Using a common DKIM selector makes it easier for attackers to predict and exploit email authentication weaknesses. Attackers may attempt to find corresponding DKIM keys or improperly managed records associated with common selectors. If a common selector is coupled with a weak key length or poor key management practices, it significantly increases the likelihood of email spoofing and phishing attacks.
Recommendation
We recommend using unique, customized selectors for each DKIM key to make it more difficult for attackers to predict and target the domain's DKIM records. Regularly rotate selectors and associated keys to further strengthen the security of your domain's email authentication infrastructure.
Evidence
We found insecure DNS cookie usage on the following nameservers: liz.ns.cloudflare.com, ned.ns.cloudflare.com
Vulnerability description
We found that the server does not implement DNS Cookies or uses them insecurely. DNS Cookies help prevent DNS-based attacks, such as spoofing and amplification attacks.
Risk description
The risk exists because without DNS Cookies, the server is vulnerable to DNS spoofing and amplification attacks. Attackers can manipulate responses or use the server in distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, compromising network availability and security.
Recommendation
We recommend enabling DNS Cookies to prevent spoofed DNS responses. Ensure proper cookie validation is implemented to mitigate DNS amplification attacks. Regularly update DNS servers to support the latest DNS security features.
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| Nuxt.js | JavaScript frameworks, Web frameworks, Static site generator |
| Vue.js | JavaScript frameworks |
| reCAPTCHA | Security |
| Sectigo | SSL/TLS certificate authorities |
| HSTS | Security |
| Cloudflare | CDN |
| HTTP/3 | Miscellaneous |
| Google Tag Manager | Tag managers |
| Google Analytics GA4 | Analytics |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| Sectigo | SSL/TLS certificate authorities |
| Cloudflare | CDN |
| HTTP/3 | Miscellaneous |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.
Evidence
| Operating System | Accuracy |
|---|---|
| FreeBSD 11.0-STABLE | 91% |
Vulnerability description
OS Detection
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| Sectigo | SSL/TLS certificate authorities |
| Cloudflare | CDN |
| HTTP/3 | Miscellaneous |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.
Evidence
| Domain Queried | DNS Record Type | Description | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| _dmarc.1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "v=DMARC1; p=reject; sp=reject; pct=100; fo=1; adkim=r; aspf=r; rua=mailto:dmarc@bounce.1xbet.com; ruf=mailto:dmarc@bounce.1xbet.com" |
Evidence
| Domain Queried | DNS Record Type | Description | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1xbet.com | SPF | Sender Policy Framework | "v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:_spf.inc.sqrrlbox.com -all" |
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| Sectigo | SSL/TLS certificate authorities |
| Cloudflare | CDN |
| HTTP/3 | Miscellaneous |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.
Evidence
| DKIM selector | Key type | Key size | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| dkim | rsa | 1296 | "k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC9aHckGQUWeF4zb7Sl4goM0BrP+Oc0ChoEub4OdVfDLMJ2wyxzhka8Xik7jXJxI0XYMFyH7N/1e0kTkm2FEdV+/jD88137Zln19Iz4PrbREvHjCvQvkGvEtVM+Cat3PbWiNWxdUW85AaIE3CmaP208fzRGaP6gNBJuhuQ9mSAhzQIDAQAB" |
| rsa | 1296 | "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCaPwu1XVmpiTsc2xQVt230eqw4SVg8KEC2iwmJ+0FY2GMo0OqmazM5tfwLjA4w3Kjf3aMcOUGhsuf9wXk//ed5h0gyE7ejHcl65e1Qo9YtBvQCabldk2PDoCjpp8omrn4/ZpzBWk91mrJONUWo7NaUx9LDTVDpPmir7i2qS3BUOQIDAQAB" | |
| k1 | rsa | 1296 | "k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDbNrX2cY/GUKIFx2G/1I00ftdAj713WP9AQ1xir85i89sA2guU0ta4UX1Xzm06XIU6iBP41VwmPwBGRNofhBVR+e6WHUoNyIR4Bn84LVcfZE20rmDeXQblIupNWBqLXM1Q+VieI/eZu/7k9/vOkLSaQQdml4Cv8lb3PcnluMVIhQIDAQAB;" |
| rsa | 1470 | "k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAyByfpl9w5XAPIO+gn6BAaBJ5NcTnpbdPornhTCeMBEajYK6Hq33cAyPGJaJoBU3TcXl3LAS+VQU3S9VA1N0mEYOYdCduKeLo4zBAN/q8q4AvJwtx0UhtJX4mFRKUP+NIrd8rIytC8ZLBDIpzKi4pvsl+GWpGsCd0AienNcK7RkPuJSTVZZJQJv+hBTv6WAheux4t+uTYb" "HSDp1Z8232zdDhnvgyo+cSCt/fqd4QjOKg2BhTuzO/FOfTPdh0RdYiyYfQH7cKDQI20IfmFZ3M+LdP6PdGvO0U28haocr9JEwrgQOwKXtKTKu9OGRRaIx4bTu6TUqlyTNLOjyAXUC79cwIDAQAB" | |
| outbound | rsa | 1446 | "k=rsa; t=s; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEArAD529ln2aW2fxVJ+mN7JAdgxrLaopBfVJiy1nzpUq7sxi0qoogeN5lVWgbqZJGOyKBufaUkWcJNmUVe2wy9wZC/QcioUvS0Kpc7CDAvtgAXBRs/VkVXB3U83B2PC+NpUpQnlZnoUI2OazWbNqU+jaYu4NKAA6uG8/sJ5M+n9382OZyASQ9AKRsqwx0Zl+AYUv8er" "9gsHUmvVuqeiSw/k1YGIH6zi7xh9T1p1AzrHbtGy6ak9M9tRdyz9HuiQkpaZi4fW1eYnnnWvp41crw58BoS0bb2mUbWUNJVyPmDRjOx+4hT3nHSnjSKre9XYBNa2JFrfUUfItOg0EieupZnKQIDAQAB" |
| s1 | rsa | 1476 | "k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAqToosEi+yRhX6gwMCv1m7lv45EW9SHnCaXA+PLgs+xrVd+IpNDwI3OUJDuS1epsZNYsoGDlEf7CqKIC2b4pNZHWATBrurSHvM9CWbtdfDE6gtpd1cRCzPsd5p46PzCg+aiUGeyMUbKXV5kdyfcabtaOYZmHAeJckQKx9cIJXYDFih3DxpzfgNzNLruxZdC9Af5JIbtgaBW" "T3H2d3nZRa9spgghJAGypixYjRKMv65Sohiw+g5GeQCgGSnF7/1UasDXac+8+Lc0IgKScGjW/sx4pHKQW/zxUyQgWYkbL4HjG26pDl4IFrdIyUbFvk7XXqkJGjhtUZREezLeK14YYIxwIDAQAB" |
Evidence
| Domain Queried | DNS Record Type | Description | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1xbet.com | A | IPv4 address | 172.64.146.192 |
| 1xbet.com | A | IPv4 address | 104.18.41.64 |
| 1xbet.com | NS | Name server | liz.ns.cloudflare.com |
| 1xbet.com | NS | Name server | ned.ns.cloudflare.com |
| 1xbet.com | MX | Mail server | 1 aspmx.l.google.com |
| 1xbet.com | MX | Mail server | 10 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com |
| 1xbet.com | MX | Mail server | 15 aspmx2.googlemail.com |
| 1xbet.com | MX | Mail server | 20 aspmx3.googlemail.com |
| 1xbet.com | MX | Mail server | 25 aspmx4.googlemail.com |
| 1xbet.com | MX | Mail server | 30 aspmx5.googlemail.com |
| 1xbet.com | MX | Mail server | 5 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com |
| 1xbet.com | SOA | Start of Authority | liz.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2388594236 10000 2400 604800 1800 |
| 1xbet.com | AAAA | IPv6 address | 2a06:98c1:3108::ac40:92c0 |
| 1xbet.com | AAAA | IPv6 address | 2606:4700:440c::6812:2940 |
| 1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "gcb_domain=ZXlKcGRpSTZJa0YwWmsxRGFGTndNV2RwTmpSNksyTjFhMGt3WkVFOVBTSXNJblpoYkhWbElqb2lkSE5wTUVOVmNHRlVTV2hGUmtkR1JVcHJlRmRtZHowOUlpd2liV0ZqSWpvaVpXSTJaakl3TkRjNU56QTFaR016TldWalpUTmlOR013TXpobVpUSTBPR0l4T0RVeU1UUXhOVFU1TVRBeU56UmhPV0V6WWprMFlqbGxNalJqTkRJ" "NE5pSXNJblJoWnlJNklpSjk=" |
| 1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "google-site-verification=52-MF1WSRc70JTmqRtk4hOX4ByNhiadivSzEZVKBn98" |
| 1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "google-site-verification=CsJHMj-Hx6QjjT-cGu1BrxTo9YEZtyWQn3mFXvtDdK8" |
| 1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "google-site-verification=yNx2TtWh_FA2jDcflXzBQgJY2olgcdO3V_fvhCTLR8o" |
| 1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "mailru-verification: 33946969083c0a21" |
| 1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "mailru-verification: f3a26e5b1282b9ab" |
| 1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "yahoo-verification-key=C+fbqCMeP5Ge8QbS02V9SzjcXaQzFcNgiYBOKCv8YlA=" |
| 1xbet.com | SPF | Sender Policy Framework | "v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:_spf.inc.sqrrlbox.com -all" |
| _dmarc.1xbet.com | TXT | Text record | "v=DMARC1; p=reject; sp=reject; pct=100; fo=1; adkim=r; aspf=r; rua=mailto:dmarc@bounce.1xbet.com; ruf=mailto:dmarc@bounce.1xbet.com" |
Risk description
An initial step for an attacker aiming to learn about an organization involves conducting searches on its domain names to uncover DNS records associated with the organization. This strategy aims to amass comprehensive insights into the target domain, enabling the attacker to outline the organization's external digital landscape. This gathered intelligence may subsequently serve as a foundation for launching attacks, including those based on social engineering techniques. DNS records pointing to services or servers that are no longer in use can provide an attacker with an easy entry point into the network.
Recommendation
We recommend reviewing all DNS records associated with the domain and identifying and removing unused or obsolete records.