Vulnerability Scan Result
| Title: | Login – Vivida Activity Challenge |
| Description: | No description found |
| IP address | 81.169.206.49 |
| Country | DE  |
| AS number | AS6724 |
| Net name | Strato Ag |
21/tcp | ftp | ProFTPD - |
22/tcp | ssh | OpenSSH 8.9p1 Ubuntu 3ubuntu0.11 |
25/tcp | smtp | Postfix smtpd - |
80/tcp | http | nginx - |
106/tcp | tcpwrapped | - - |
110/tcp | pop3 | Dovecot pop3d - |
143/tcp | imap | Dovecot imapd - |
443/tcp | https | nginx - |
465/tcp | smtp | Postfix smtpd - |
993/tcp | imap | Dovecot imapd - |
995/tcp | pop3 | Dovecot pop3d - |
8443/tcp | https | sw-cp-server - |
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| Complianz 7.1.0 | A/B Testing, Cookie compliance, WordPress plugins |
| GeneratePress GP Premium | WordPress plugins |
| GeneratePress | WordPress themes |
| jQuery Migrate 3.4.1 | JavaScript libraries |
| jQuery 3.7.1 | JavaScript libraries |
| Lightbox | JavaScript libraries |
| MySQL | Databases |
| Nginx | Web servers, Reverse proxies |
| PHP 8.1.32 | Programming languages |
| Select2 | JavaScript libraries |
| Twitter Emoji (Twemoji) | Font scripts |
| Underscore.js 1.13.6 | JavaScript libraries |
| WordPress | CMS, Blogs |
| ThemeIsle Menu Icons | WordPress plugins |
| Chart.js | JavaScript graphics |
| HSTS | Security |
| RSS | Miscellaneous |
Web Application Vulnerabilities
Evidence
| URL | Evidence |
|---|---|
| https://activitychallenge.schritte.io/login/ | Response headers include the HTTP Content-Security-Policy security header with the following security issues: |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that the Content-Security-Policy (CSP) header configured for the web application includes unsafe directives. The CSP header activates a protection mechanism implemented in web browsers which prevents exploitation of Cross-Site Scripting vulnerabilities (XSS) by restricting the sources from which content can be loaded or executed.
Risk description
For example, if the unsafe-inline directive is present in the CSP header, the execution of inline scripts and event handlers is allowed. This can be exploited by an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of the vulnerable application.
Recommendation
Remove the unsafe values from the directives, adopt nonces or hashes for safer inclusion of inline scripts if they are needed, and explicitly define the sources from which scripts, styles, images or other resources can be loaded.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-693 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | A6 - Security Misconfiguration |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 | A5 - Security Misconfiguration |
Evidence
| URL | Evidence |
|---|---|
| https://activitychallenge.schritte.io/login/ | Response headers do not include the Referrer-Policy HTTP security header as well as the |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that the target application's server responses lack the Referrer-Policy HTTP header, which controls how much referrer information the browser will send with each request originated from the current web application.
Risk description
The risk is that if a user visits a web page (e.g. "http://example.com/pricing/") and clicks on a link from that page going to e.g. "https://www.google.com", the browser will send to Google the full originating URL in the `Referer` header, assuming the Referrer-Policy header is not set. The originating URL could be considered sensitive information and it could be used for user tracking.
Recommendation
The Referrer-Policy header should be configured on the server side to avoid user tracking and inadvertent information leakage. The value `no-referrer` of this header instructs the browser to omit the Referer header entirely.
Classification
| CWE | CWE-693 |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | A6 - Security Misconfiguration |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 | A5 - Security Misconfiguration |
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| Complianz 7.1.0 | A/B Testing, Cookie compliance, WordPress plugins |
| GeneratePress GP Premium | WordPress plugins |
| GeneratePress | WordPress themes |
| jQuery Migrate 3.4.1 | JavaScript libraries |
| jQuery 3.7.1 | JavaScript libraries |
| Lightbox | JavaScript libraries |
| MySQL | Databases |
| Nginx | Web servers, Reverse proxies |
| PHP 8.1.32 | Programming languages |
| Select2 | JavaScript libraries |
| Twitter Emoji (Twemoji) | Font scripts |
| Underscore.js 1.13.6 | JavaScript libraries |
| WordPress | CMS, Blogs |
| ThemeIsle Menu Icons | WordPress plugins |
| Chart.js | JavaScript graphics |
| HSTS | Security |
| RSS | Miscellaneous |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.
Classification
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | A6 - Security Misconfiguration |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 | A5 - Security Misconfiguration |
Evidence
Vulnerability description
Website is accessible.
Vulnerability description
We have noticed that the server is missing the security.txt file, which is considered a good practice for web security. It provides a standardized way for security researchers and the public to report security vulnerabilities or concerns by outlining the preferred method of contact and reporting procedures.
Risk description
There is no particular risk in not having a security.txt file for your server. However, this file is important because it offers a designated channel for reporting vulnerabilities and security issues.
Recommendation
We recommend you to implement the security.txt file according to the standard, in order to allow researchers or users report any security issues they find, improving the defensive mechanisms of your server.
Classification
| OWASP Top 10 - 2017 | A6 - Security Misconfiguration |
| OWASP Top 10 - 2021 | A5 - Security Misconfiguration |
Infrastructure Vulnerabilities
Evidence
We managed to detect a publicly accessible SSH service.
Starting Nmap ( https://nmap.org ) at 2025-04-17 09:19 EEST
Nmap scan report for activitychallenge.schritte.io (81.169.206.49)
Host is up (0.028s latency).
rDNS record for 81.169.206.49: schritte.io
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 8.9p1 Ubuntu 3ubuntu0.11 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| ssh-auth-methods:
| Supported authentication methods:
| publickey
|_ password
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.91 seconds
Vulnerability description
We found that the SSH service with username/password authentication is publicly accessible. Network administrators often use remote administration protocols to control devices like switches, routers, and other essential systems. However, allowing these services to be accessible via the Internet can increase security risks, creating potential opportunities for attacks on the organization.
Risk description
Exposing this service online with username/password authentication can enable attackers to launch authentication attacks, like guessing login credentials, and potentially gaining unauthorized access. Vulnerabilities, such as unpatched software, protocol flaws, or backdoors could also be exploited. An example is the CVE-2024-3094 (XZ Utils Backdoor) vulnerability.
Recommendation
We recommend turning off SSH with username/password authentication access over the Internet and instead using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) that mandates two-factor authentication (2FA). If the SSH service is essential for business purposes, we recommend limiting access only from designated IP addresses using a firewall. Furthermore, it is advisable to utilize SSH Public Key Authentication since it employs a key pair to verify the identity of a user or process.
Evidence
We managed to detect a publicly accessible File Transfer Protocol (FTP) service.
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
21/tcp open ftp ProFTPDVulnerability description
We found that the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) service is publicly accessible. The FTP enables client systems to connect to upload and download files. Nonetheless, FTP lacks encryption for the data exchanged between the server and the client, leaving all transferred data exposed in plaintext.
Risk description
Exposing this service online can enable attackers to execute man-in-the-middle attacks, capturing sensitive user credentials and the contents of files because FTP operates without encryption. The entirety of the communication between the client and the server remains unsecured in plaintext. This acquired information could further facilitate additional attacks within the network.
Recommendation
We recommend turning off FTP access over the Internet and instead using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) that mandates two-factor authentication (2FA). If the FTP service is essential for business purposes, we recommend limiting access only from designated IP addresses using a firewall. Furthermore, utilizing SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) is recommended as this protocol employs encryption to secure data transfers.
Evidence
We managed to detect a publicly accessible Post Office Protocol (POP3) service.
Starting Nmap ( https://nmap.org ) at 2025-04-17 09:19 EEST
Nmap scan report for activitychallenge.schritte.io (81.169.206.49)
Host is up (0.027s latency).
rDNS record for 81.169.206.49: schritte.io
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
995/tcp open ssl/pop3 Dovecot pop3d
|_pop3-capabilities: CAPA RESP-CODES TOP APOP AUTH-RESP-CODE PIPELINING UIDL SASL(PLAIN LOGIN DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5) USER
Service Info: Host: h3006262.stratoserver.net
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7.15 seconds
Vulnerability description
We found that the Post Office Protocol (POP3) service is publicly accessible and doesn’t include STARTTLS capability. Email clients use the Post Office Protocol (POP) to download emails for user accounts. Some POP servers are initially set up to operate over an unsecured protocol. When email clients download email content through this plaintext protocol, it can pose a substantial risk to the organization's network, especially depending on which user account is set to receive the emails.
Risk description
Exposing this service online can enable attackers to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks, thereby gaining access to sensitive user credentials and the contents of emails. Given that POP3 operates via a plaintext protocol, the entirety of the data exchanged between the client and server is left unencrypted. This critical information could then be leveraged in further attacks on the organization's network.
Recommendation
We recommend turning off POP3 access over the Internet and instead using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) that mandates two-factor authentication (2FA). If the POP3 service is essential for business purposes, we recommend limiting access only from designated IP addresses using a firewall. Furthermore, activating STARTTLS capability (switching the connection to a secure communication) or utilizing Secure POP3 (POP3S) is recommended, as this protocol employs encryption.
Evidence
| Domain Queried | DNS Record Type | Description | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| activitychallenge.schritte.io | A | IPv4 address | 81.169.206.49 |
Risk description
An initial step for an attacker aiming to learn about an organization involves conducting searches on its domain names to uncover DNS records associated with the organization. This strategy aims to amass comprehensive insights into the target domain, enabling the attacker to outline the organization's external digital landscape. This gathered intelligence may subsequently serve as a foundation for launching attacks, including those based on social engineering techniques. DNS records pointing to services or servers that are no longer in use can provide an attacker with an easy entry point into the network.
Recommendation
We recommend reviewing all DNS records associated with the domain and identifying and removing unused or obsolete records.
Evidence
Vulnerability description
OS detection couldn't determine the operating system.
Evidence
We managed to detect the redirect using the following Request / Response chain.
Recommendation
Vulnerability checks are skipped for ports that redirect to another port. We recommend scanning the redirected port directly.
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| WordPress | CMS, Blogs |
| MySQL | Databases |
| PHP 8.1.32 | Programming languages |
| Chart.js | JavaScript graphics |
| Nginx | Web servers, Reverse proxies |
| GeneratePress | WordPress themes |
| GeneratePress GP Premium | WordPress plugins |
| ThemeIsle Menu Icons | WordPress plugins |
| Complianz 7.1.0 | A/B Testing, Cookie compliance, WordPress plugins |
| Lightbox | JavaScript libraries |
| Twitter Emoji (Twemoji) | Font scripts |
| Select2 | JavaScript libraries |
| Lodash 1.13.6 | JavaScript libraries |
| jQuery Migrate 3.4.1 | JavaScript libraries |
| jQuery 3.7.1 | JavaScript libraries |
| HSTS | Security |
| Underscore.js | JavaScript libraries |
| RSS | Miscellaneous |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.
Evidence
| Software / Version | Category |
|---|---|
| Plesk | Hosting panels |
| Sentry | Issue trackers |
| Nginx | Web servers, Reverse proxies |
| React | JavaScript frameworks |
| RequireJS | JavaScript frameworks |
| Prototype | JavaScript frameworks |
| React Router 6 | JavaScript frameworks |
| core-js 3.38.1 | JavaScript libraries |
Vulnerability description
We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.
Risk description
The risk is that an attacker could use this information to mount specific attacks against the identified software type and version.
Recommendation
We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.